PART 230--GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS, SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Cross Reference: For regulations governing registration, see 230.400-230.494.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) As used in the rules and
regulations prescribed in this part by the Securities and Exchange Commission
pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1) The term Commission means the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
(2) The term act means the
Securities Act of 1933.
(3) The term rules and
regulations refers to all rules and regulations
adopted by the Commission pursuant to the act, including the forms and
accompanying instructions thereto.
(4) The term registrant means the
issuer of securities for which a registration statement is filed.
(5) The term agent for service
means the person authorized in the registration statement to
receive notices and communications from the Commission.
(6) The term electronic filer
means a person or an entity that submits filings electronically pursuant to
Rules 101, 901, 902 or 903 of Regulation S-T ( 232.101,
232.901, 232.902 or 232.903 of this chapter, respectively).
(7) The term electronic filing
means a document under the federal securities laws that is transmitted or
delivered to the Commission in electronic format.
(b) Unless otherwise specifically
provided, the terms used in this part shall have the meanings defined in the
act.
(c) A rule in the general rules
and regulations which defines a term without express reference to the act or to
the rules and regulations or to a portion thereof defines such term for all
purposes as used both in the act and in the rules and regulations, unless the
context otherwise requires.
[2 FR 1076, May 6, 1937, as amended at 21 FR 7566, Oct. 3, 1956; 58 FR 14669, March 18, 1993]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a)
General. The principal office of the
Commission, at 450 Fifth Street, NW., Washington, DC 20549, is open each day,
except Saturdays, Sundays, and federal holidays, from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.,
Eastern Standard Time or Eastern Daylight Saving Time, whichever is currently
in effect, provided that hours for the filing of documents pursuant to the Act
or the rules and regulations thereunder are as set forth in paragraphs (b), (c)
and (d) of this section.
(b) Submissions made in
paper. Paper documents filed with or
otherwise furnished to the Commission may be submitted each day, except
Saturdays, Sundays and federal holidays, from 8 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., Eastern
Standard Time or Eastern Daylight Saving Time, whichever is currently in
effect.
(c) Filings by direct
transmission. Filings made by direct
transmission may be submitted to the Commission each day, except Saturdays,
Sundays and federal holidays, from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m., Eastern Standard Time or
Eastern Daylight Saving Time, whichever is currently in effect.
(d) Filings by facsimile. Registration statements and post-effective
amendments thereto filed by facsimile transmission pursuant to Rule 462(b) (
230.462(b)) and Rule 455 ( 230.455) may be filed with the Commission each day,
except Saturdays, Sundays and federal holidays, from 5:30 p.m. to 10 p.m.,
Eastern Standard Time or Eastern Daylight Savings Time, whichever is currently
in effect.
[13 FR 497, Feb. 4, 1948, as amended at 33 FR 4369, March 9, 1968; 47 FR 26819, June 22, 1982; 58 FR 14669, March 18, 1993; 60 FR 26615, May 17, 1995; 65 FR 24799, April 27, 2000; 68 FR 25798, May 13, 2003]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) All payments of fees for
registration statements under the Act shall be made in cash or by U.S. postal
money order, certified check, bank cashier's check, or bank money order payable
to the Securities and Exchange Commission, omitting the name or title of any
official of the Commission. In addition,
all other filing fees may be paid by personal check. There will be no refunds.
(b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a)
of this section, for registration statements filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) ( 230.462(b)) and Rule 110(d) ( 230.110(d)), payment of
filing fees for the purposes of this section may be made by:
(1) The registrant or its agent
instructing its bank or a wire transfer service to transmit to the Commission
the applicable filing fee by a wire transfer of such amount from the issuer's
account or its agent's account to the Commission's account at Mellon Bank as
soon as practicable but no later than the close of the next business day
following the filing of the registration statement; and
(2) The registrant submitting
with the registration statement at the time of filing a certification that:
(i) The registrant or its agent
has so instructed its bank or a wire transfer service;
(ii) The registrant or its agent
will not revoke such instructions; and
(iii) The registrant or its agent
has sufficient funds in such account to cover the amount of such filing fee.
Note to paragraph (b): Such instructions may be sent on the date of filing the registration statement after the close of business of such bank or wire transfer service, provided that the registrant undertakes in the certification sent to the Commission with the registration statement that it will confirm receipt of such instructions by the bank or wire transfer service during regular business hours on the following business day.
Authority: (65 Stat. 290, 31 U.S.C. 483a; 48 Stat. 74, 15 U.S.C. 77f.(b) and 77f.(c), as amended; 48 Stat. 881, 15 U.S.C. 78ee, as amended)
[37 FR 1471, Jan. 29, 1972; 49 FR 27307, July 3, 1984; 60 FR 26615, May 17, 1995; 61 FR 49959, Sept. 24, 1996]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
Except for material contracts or
portions thereof accorded confidential treatment pursuant to 230.406, all registration statements
are available for public inspection, during business hours, at the principal
office of the Commission in Washington, D.C. Electronic registration statements
made through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system are
publicly available through the Commission's Web site (http://www.sec.gov).
[19 FR 6727, Oct. 20, 1954; 61 FR 24654, May 15, 1996]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
Information or documents obtained
by officers or employees of the Commission in the course of any examination or
investigation pursuant to section 8(e) or 20(a)(48 Stat. 80, 86; 15 U.S.C. 77h(e), 77t(a)) shall, unless made
a matter of public record, be deemed confidential. Except as provided by 17 CFR 203.2, officers
and employees are hereby prohibited from making such confidential information
or documents or any other non-public records of the Commission available to
anyone other than a member, officer or employee of the Commission, unless the
Commission or the General Counsel, pursuant to delegated authority, authorizes
the disclosure of such information or the production of such documents as not
being contrary to the public interest.
Any officer or employee who is served with a subpoena requiring the
disclosure of such information or the production of such documents shall appear
in court and, unless the authorization described in the preceding sentence
shall have been given, shall respectfully decline to disclose the information
or produce the documents called for, basing his or her refusal upon this
section. Any officer or employee who is
served with such a subpoena shall promptly advise the General Counsel of the
service of such subpoena, the nature of the information or documents sought,
and any circumstances which bear on the desirability of making available such
information or documents.
(Authority: Sec. 19, 48 Stat. 85; sec. 20, 48 Stat. 86; sec. 21, 48 Stat. 899; sec. 23, 48 Stat. 901; sec. 18, 49 Stat. 831; sec. 20, 49 Stat. 833; sec. 319, 53 Stat. 1173; sec. 321, 53 Stat. 1174; sec. 38, 54 Stat. 841; sec. 42, 54 Stat. 842; sec. 209, 54 Stat. 853; sec. 211, 54 Stat. 855; sec. 1, 76 Stat. 394. (15 U.S.C. 77s, 77t, 78u, 78w, 79r, 79t, 77sss, 77uuu, 80a-37, 80a-41, 80b-9, 89b-11, 78d-1))
[44 FR 50836, Aug. 30, 1979; 53 FR 17459, May 17, 1988; 54 FR 33501, Aug. 15, 1989]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
The term rules and regulations as
used in sections 7, 10 (a), (c) and (d) and 19(a) of the act, shall include the
forms for registration of securities under the act and the related instructions
thereto.
[21 FR 1046, Feb. 15, 1956]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) Any part of an obligation
evidenced by any bond, note, debenture, or other evidence of indebtedness
issued by any governmental unit specified in section 3(a)(2) of the Act which
is payable from payments to be made in respect of property or money which is or
will be used, under a lease, sale, or loan arrangement, by or for industrial or
commercial enterprise, shall be deemed to be a separate security within the
meaning of section 2(l) of the Act, issued by the lessee or obligor under the
lease, sale or loan arrangement.
(b) An obligation shall not be
deemed a separate security as defined in paragraph (a) of this section if, (1)
the obligation is payable from the general revenues of a governmental unit,
specified in section 3(a)(2) of the Act, having other resources which may be
used for payment of the obligation, or (2) the obligation relates to a public
project or facility owned and operated by or on behalf of and under the control
of a governmental unit specified in such section, or (3) the obligation relates
to a facility which is leased to and under the control of an industrial or
commercial enterprise but is a part of a public project which, as a whole, is
owned by and under the general control of a governmental unit specified in such
section, or an instrumentality thereof.
(c) This rule shall apply to
transactions of the character described in paragraph (a) of this section only
with respect to bonds, notes, debentures or other evidences of indebtedness
sold after December 31, 1968.
(Authority 15 U.S.C. 77w)
[33 FR 12648, Sept. 6, 1968, as amended at 35 FR 6000, Apr. 11, 1970]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
The term "common trust
fund" as used in section 3(a)(2) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 77c(a)(2)) shall
include a common trust fund which is maintained by a bank which is a member of
an affiliated group, as defined in section 1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code
of 1954 (26 U.S.C. 1504(a)), and which is maintained exclusively for the
collective investment and reinvestment of monies contributed thereto by one or
more bank members of such affiliated group in the capacity of trustee,
executor, administrator, or guardian, provided that:
(a) The common trust fund is operated
in compliance with the same state and federal regulatory requirements as would
apply if the bank maintaining such fund and any other contributing banks were
the same entry; and
(b) The rights of persons for
whose benefit a contributing bank acts as trustee, executor, administrator, or
guardian would not be diminished by reason of the maintenance of such common
trust fund by another bank member of the affiliated group.
Authority: (15 U.S.C. 77s(a))
[43 FR 2392, Jan. 17, 1978]
230.133 Definition for purposes of section 5 of the act, of "sale," "offer," "offer to sell," and "offer for sale."
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) For purposes only of section
5 of the Act, no "sale," "offer to sell," or "offer
for sale" shall be deemed to be involved so far as the stockholders of a
corporation are concerned where, pursuant to statutory provisions in the state
of incorporation or provisions contained in the certificate of incorporation,
there is submitted to the vote of such stockholders a plan or agreement for a
statutory merger or consolidation or reclassification of securities, or a
proposal for the transfer of assets of such corporation to another person in
consideration of the issuance of securities of such other person or securities
of a corporation which owns stock possessing at least 80 percent of the total
combined voting power of all classes of stock entitled to vote and at least 80
percent of the total number of shares of all other classes of stock of such
person, under such circumstances that the vote of a required favorable majority
(1) will operate to authorize the proposed transaction as far as concerns the
corporation whose stockholders are voting (except for the taking of action by
the directors of the corporation involved and for compliance with such
statutory provisions as the filing of the plan or agreement with the
appropriate State authority), and (2) will bind all stockholders of such
corporation except to the extent that dissenting shareholders may be entitled,
under statutory provisions or provisions contained in the certificate of
incorporation, to receive the appraised or fair value of their holdings.
(b) Any person who purchases
securities of the issuer from security holders of a constituent corporation
with a view to, or offers or sells such securities for such security holders in
connection with, a distribution thereof pursuant to any contract or
arrangement, made in connection with any transaction specified in paragraph (a)
of this section, with the issuer or with any affiliate of the issuer, or with
any person who in connection with such transaction is acting as an underwriter
of such securities, shall be deemed to an underwriter of such securities within
the meaning of section 2(11) of the Act.
This paragraph does not refer to arrangements limited to provision for
the matching and combination of fractional interests in securities into whole
interests, or the purchase and sale of such fractional interests, among
security holders of the constituent corporation and to the sale on behalf of,
and as agent for, such security holders of such number of fractional or whole
interests as may be necessary to adjust for any remaining fractional interests
after such matching.
01,0000,(c)
Any constituent corporation, or any person who is an affiliate of a constituent
corporation at the time any transaction specified in paragraph (a) of this
section, is submitted to a vote of the stockholders of such corporation, who
acquires securities of the issuer in connection with such transaction with a
view to the distribution thereof shall be deemed to be an underwriter of such
securities within the meaning of section 2(11) of the Act. A transfer by a constituent corporation to
its security holders of securities of the issuer upon a complete or partial
liquidation shall not be deemed a distribution for the purpose of this
paragraph.
(d) Notwithstanding the
provisions of paragraph (c) of this section, a person specified therein shall
not be deemed to be an underwriter nor to be engaged in a distribution with
respect to securities acquired in any transaction specified in paragraph (a) of
this section, which are sold by him in brokers' transactions within the meaning
of section 4(4) of the Act, in accordance with the conditions and subject to
the limitations specified in paragraph (e) of this section, if such person--:
(1) Does not directly or
indirectly solicit or arrange for the solicitation of orders to buy in
anticipation of or in connection with such brokers' transactions;
(2) Makes no payment in
connection with the execution of such brokers' transactions to any person other
than the broker; and
(3) Limits such brokers'
transactions to a sale or series of sales which, together with all other sales
of securities of the same class by such person or on his behalf within the
preceding six months, will not exceed the following:
(i) If the security is traded
only otherwise than on a securities exchange, approximately one percent of the
shares or units of such security outstanding at the time of receipt by the
broker of the order to execute such transactions, or
(ii) If the security is admitted
to trading on a securities exchange, the lesser of approximately (a) one
percent of the shares or units of such security outstanding at the time of receipt
by the broker of the order to execute such transactions or (b) the largest
aggregate reported volume of trading on securities exchanges during any one
week within the four calendar weeks preceding the receipt of such order.
(e) For the purposes of paragraph
(d) of this section:
(1) The term "brokers'
transactions" in section 4(4) of the Act shall be deemed to include
transactions by a broker acting as agent for the account of the seller where:
(i) The broker performs no more
than the usual and customary broker's functions,
(ii) The broker does no more than
execute an order or orders to sell as a broker and receives no more than the
usual or customary broker's commissions,
(iii) The broker does not solicit
or arrange for the solicitation of orders to buy in anticipation of or in
connection with such transactions and
01,0000,(iv)
The broker is not aware of any circumstances indicating that his principal is
failing to comply with the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section;
(2) The term "solicitation
of such orders" in section 4(4) of the Act shall be deemed to include the
solicitation of an order to buy a security, but shall not be deemed to include
the solicitation of an order to sell a security;
(3) Where within the previous 60
days a dealer has made a written bid for a security or a written solicitation
of an offer to sell such security, the term "solicitation" in section
4(4) shall not be deemed to include an inquiry regarding the dealer's bid or
solicitation.
(f) For the purposes of this
rule, the term "constituent corporation"
means any corporation, other than the issuer, which is a party to any
transaction specified in paragraph (a) of this section. The term "affiliate" means a person
controlling, controlled by or under common control with a specified person.
Note: This section is rescinded effective on and after January 1, 1973, except that it shall remain in effect: (1) For transactions submitted before that date for vote or consent of security holders; (2) for transactions formally submitted before such date for approval to any governmental regulatory agency, if such approval is required by law; and (3) for resales of securities received by persons in such transactions.
(Authority: Sec. 5, 48 Stat. 77; 15 U.S.C. 77e)
[19 FR 7129, Nov. 3, 1954, as amended at 24 FR 5900, July 23, 1959; 30 FR 2022, Feb. 13, 1965; 33 FR 566, Jan. 17, 1968. Rescinded at 37 FR 23636, Nov. 7, 1972]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
The term "prospectus"
as defined in section 2(10) of the act shall not include a notice, circular,
advertisement, letter, or other communication published or transmitted to any
person after a registration statement has been filed if it contains only the
statements required or permitted to be included therein by the following
provisions of this section:
(a) Such communication may
include any one or more of the following items of information, which need not
follow the numerical sequence of this paragraph:
(1) The name of the issuer of the
security;
(2) The full title of the
security and the amount being offered;
(3) A brief indication of the
general type of business of the issuer, limited to the following:
(i) In the case of a
manufacturing company, the general type of manufacturing and the principal
products or classes of products manufactured;
(ii) In the case of a public
utility company, the general type of services rendered and a brief indication
of the area served;
(iii) In the case of any other
type of company, a corresponding statement;
(4) The price of the security, or
if the price is not known, the method of its determination or the probable
price range as specified by the issuer or the managing underwriter;
(5) In the case of a debt
security with a fixed (non-contingent) interest provision, the yield or, if the
yield is not known, the probable yield range, as specified by the issuer or the
managing underwriter;
(6) The name and address of the
sender of the communication and the fact that he is participating, or expects
to participate, in the distribution of the security;
(7) The names of the managing
underwriters;
(8) The approximate date upon
which it is anticipated the proposed sale to the public will commence;
01,0000,(9) Whether, in the opinion
of counsel, the security is a legal investment for savings banks, fiduciaries,
insurance companies, or similar investors under the laws of any State or
Territory or the District of Columbia;
(10) Whether, in the opinion of
counsel, the security is exempt from specified taxes,
or the extent to which the issuer has agreed to pay any tax with respect to the
security or measured by the income therefrom;
(11) Whether the security is
being offered through rights issued to security holders, and, if so, the class
of securities the holders of which will be entitled to subscribe, the
subscription ratio, the actual or proposed record date, the date upon which the
rights were issued or are expected to be issued, the actual or anticipated date
upon which they will expire, and the approximate subscription price, or any of
the foregoing;
(12) Any statement or legend
required by any state law or administrative authority; and
(13)(i) With respect to any class
of debt securities, any class of convertible debt securities or any class of
preferred stock, the security rating or ratings assigned to the class of
securities by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization and the
name or names of the nationally recognized statistical rating organization(s)
which assigned such rating(s), and with respect to any class of debt
securities, any class of convertible debt securities or any class of preferred
stock registered on Form F-9 ( 239.39 of this chapter), the security rating or
ratings assigned to the class of securities by any other rating organization
specified in the Instruction to paragraph (a)(2) of General Instruction I of
Form F-9 and the name or names of the rating organization or organizations
which assigned such rating(s).
(ii) For the purpose of paragraph
(a)(13)(i) of this section, the term "nationally recognized statistical
rating organization" shall have the same meaning as used in Rule
15c-3-1(c)(2)(vi)(F) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR
240.15c3-1(c)(2)(vi)(F) ).
(b) Except as provided in
paragraph (c) of this section, every communication used pursuant to this
section shall contain the following:
(1) If the registration statement
has not yet become effective, the following statement:
A registration statement relating
to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
but has not yet become effective. These
securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time
the registration statement becomes effective.
This (communication) shall not constitute an offer to sell or the
solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any
sale of these securities in any State in which such offer, solicitation or sale
would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities
laws of any such State.
01,0000,(2) A statement whether
the security is being offered in connection with a distribution by the issuer
or by a security holder, or both, and whether the issue represents new
financing or refunding or both; and
(3) The name and address of a
person or persons from whom a written prospectus meeting the requirements of
section 10 of the act may be obtained.
(c) Any of the statements or
information specified in paragraph (b) of this section may, but need not, be
contained in a communication: (i) Which
does no more than state from whom a written prospectus meeting the requirements
of Section 10 of the Act may be obtained, identify the security, state the
price thereof and state by whom orders will be executed; or (ii) which is accompanied or preceded by a
prospectus or a summary prospectus which meets the requirements of section 10
of the act at the date of such preliminary communication.
(d) A communication sent or
delivered to any person pursuant to this rule which is accompanied or preceded
by a prospectus which meets the requirements of section 10 of the act at the
date of such communication, may solicit from the recipient of the communication
an offer to buy the security or request the recipient to indicate, upon an enclosed
or attached coupon or card, or in some other manner, whether he might be
interested in the security, if the communication contains substantially the
following statement:
No offer to buy the securities
can be accepted and no part of the purchase price can be received until the
registration statement has become effective, and any such offer may be
withdrawn or revoked, without obligation or commitment of any kind, at any time
prior to notice of its acceptance given after the effective date. An indication of interest in response to this
advertisement will involve no obligation or commitment of any kind.
Provided, That such statement need not be included in such a communication to a dealer if the communication refers to a prior communication to the dealer, with respect to the same security, in which the statement was included.
(e) This 230.134 does not apply to a notice, circular,
advertisement, letter, or other communication relating to an investment company
registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-1 et seq.)
or a business development company as defined in section 2(a)(48) of the
Investment Company Act (15 U.S.C. 80a-2(a)(48)).
01,0000,[20 FR 6524, Sept. 3, 1955, as amended at 23 FR 184, Jan. 10, 1958; 37 FR 10073, May 19, 1972; 39 FR 39869, Nov. 12, 1974; 40 FR 27443, June 30, 1975; 43 FR 47495, Oct. 16, 1978; 44 FR 52818, Sept. 10, 1979; 47 FR 11433, Mar. 16, 1982; 48 FR 19875, May 3, 1983; 58 FR 62029, Nov. 23, 1993; 61 FR 13975, March 28, 1996; 68 FR 57777, Oct. 6, 2003]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
Written materials, including
advertisements, relating to standardized options, as that term is defined in
Rule 9b-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, shall not be deemed to be
a prospectus for the purposes of Section 2(10) of the Securities Act of 1933; Provided, That such
materials are limited to explanatory information describing the general nature
of the standardized options markets or one or more strategies; And, Provided further, That:
(a) The potential risks related
to options trading generally and to each strategy addressed are explained;
(b) No past or projected
performance figures, including annualized rates of return are used;
(c) No recommendation to purchase
or sell any option contract is made;
(d) No specific security is
identified, other than
(1) An option or other security
exempt from registration under the Act, or
(2) An index option, including
the component securities of the index; and
(e) If there is a definitive
options disclosure document, as defined in Rule 9b-1 under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the materials shall contain the name and address of a
person or persons from whom a copy of such document may be obtained.
(15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.; secs. 2, 7, 10, 19(a), 48 Stat. 74, 78, 81, 85; secs. 201, 205, 209, 210, 48 Stat. 905, 906, 908; secs. 1-4, 8, 68 Stat. 683, 685; sec. 12(a), 73 Stat. 143; sec. 7(a), 74 Stat. 412; sec. 27(a), 84 Stat. 1433; sec. 308(a)(2), 90 Stat. 57)
[47 FR 41955, Sept. 23, 1982; 49 FR 12688, March 30, 1984]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
For the purpose only of Section
5(b) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 77e(b)), the term "prospectus" as defined
in Section 2(a)(10) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 77b(a)(10)) does not include a
Statement of Additional Information filed as part of a registration statement
on Form N-1A ( 239.15A and 274.11A of
this chapter), Form N-2 ( 239.14 and 274.11a-1
of this chapter), Form N-3 ( 239.17a and
274.11b of this chapter), Form N-4 ( 239.17b and 274.11c of this chapter), or Form N-6 (
239.17c and 274.11d of this chapter)
transmitted prior to the effective date of the registration statement if it is accompanied
or preceded by a preliminary prospectus meeting the requirements of 230.430.
[57 FR 56834, Dec. 1, 1992; 67 FR 19868, April 23, 2002]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) When notice is not an
offer. For purposes of section 5 of the
Act (15 U.S.C. 77e) only, an issuer or a selling security holder (and any
person acting on behalf of either of them) that publishes through any medium a
notice of a proposed offering to be registered under the Act will not be deemed
to offer its securities for sale through that notice if:
(1) Legend. The notice includes a statement to the effect
that it does not constitute an offer of any securities for sale; and
(2) Limited notice content. The notice otherwise includes no more than
the following information:
(i) The name of the issuer;
(ii) The title, amount and basic
terms of the securities offered;
(iii) The amount of the offering,
if any, to be made by selling security holders;
(iv) The anticipated timing of the offering;
(v) A brief statement of the
manner and the purpose of the offering, without naming the underwriters;
(vi) Whether the issuer is directing its offering to only a particular
class of purchasers;
(vii) Any statements or legends
required by the laws of any state or foreign country or administrative
authority; and
(viii) In the following
offerings, the notice may contain additional information, as follows:
(A) Rights offering. In a rights offering
to existing security holders:
(1) The class of security holders
eligible to subscribe;
(2) The subscription ratio and
expected subscription price;
(3) The proposed record date;
(4) The anticipated issuance date
of the rights; and
(5) The subscription period or
expiration date of the rights offering.
01,0000,(B)
Offering to employees. In an offering to
employees of the issuer or an affiliated company:
(1) The name of the employer;
(2) The class of employees being
offered the securities;
(3) The offering price; and
(4) The duration of the offering
period.
(C) Exchange offer. In an exchange offer:
(1) The basic terms of the
exchange offer;
(2) The name of the subject
company;
(3) The subject class of
securities sought in the exchange offer.
(D) Rule 145(a) offering. In a 230.145(a) offering:
(1) The name of the person whose
assets are to be sold in exchange for the securities to be offered;
(2) The names of any other
parties to the transaction;
(3) A brief description of the
business of the parties to the transaction;
(4) The date, time and place of
the meeting of security holders to vote on or consent to the transaction; and
(5) A brief description of the
transaction and the basic terms of the transaction.
(b) Corrections of misstatements
about the offering. A person that
publishes a notice in reliance on this section may issue a notice that contains
no more information than is necessary to correct inaccuracies published about
the proposed offering.
Note to 230.135: Communications under this section relating to business combination transactions must be filed as required by 230.425(b).
[35 FR 18456, Dec. 4, 1970, as amended at 47 FR 11433, March 16, 1982; 59 FR 21649, April 26, 1994; 64 FR 61449, Nov. 10, 1999]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) For the purposes only of
section 5 of the Act, a notice, circular, advertisement, letter, sign, or other
communication, published or transmitted to any person which does not
specifically refer by name to the securities of a particular investment
company, to the investment company itself, or to any other securities not
exempt under section 3(a) of the Act, will not be deemed to offer any security
for sale, provided:
(1) Such communication is limited
to any one or more of the following:
(i) Explanatory information
relating to securities of investment companies generally or to the nature of
investment companies, or to services offered in
connection with the ownership of such securities,
(ii) The mention or explanation of
investment companies of different generic types or having various investment
objectives, such as balanced funds, growth funds, income funds, leveraged
funds, specialty funds, variable annuities, bond funds, and no-load funds,
(iii) Offers, descriptions, and
explanation of various products and services not constituting a security
subject to registration under the Act:
Provided, That such offers, descriptions, and
explanations do not relate directly to the desirability of owning or purchasing
a security issued by a registered investment company,
(iv) Invitation to inquire for further information, and
(2) Such communication contains
the name and address of a registered broker or dealer or other person
sponsoring the communication.
(b) If such communication
contains a solicitation of inquiries and prospectuses for investment company
securities are to be sent or delivered in response to such inquiries, the
number of such investment companies and, if applicable, the fact that the
sponsor of the communication is the principal underwriter or investment adviser
in respect to such investment companies shall be stated.
(c) With respect to any
communication describing any type of security, service, or product, the broker,
dealer, or other person sponsoring such communication must offer for sale a
security, service, or product of the type described in such communication.
[37 FR 10073, May 19, 1972, as amended at 37 FR 10931, June 1, 1972]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
Materials meeting the
requirements of 240.9b-1 of this chapter
shall not be deemed an offer to sell or offer to buy a security for purposes
solely of Section 5 (15 U.S.C. 77e) of the Act, nor shall such materials be
deemed a prospectus for purposes of Sections 2(a)(10) and 12(a)(2) (15 U.S.C.
77b(a)(10) and 77l(a)(2)) of the Act, even if such materials are referred to
in, deemed to be incorporated by reference into, or otherwise in any manner
deemed to be a part of a Form S-20 prospectus.
(Authority: 15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.)
[47 FR 41955, Sept. 23, 1982; 67 FR 230, Jan. 2, 2002]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) For the purposes only of
section 5 of the Act, a notice given by an issuer required to file reports
pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or a
foreign issuer that is exempt from registration under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 pursuant to 240.12g3-2(b) of
this chapter that it proposes to make, is making or has made an offering of
securities not registered or required to be registered under the Act shall not
be deemed to offer any securities for sale if:
(1) Such notice is not used for
the purpose of conditioning the market in the United States for any of the
securities offered;
(2) Such notice states that the
securities offered will not be or have not been registered under the Act and
may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an
applicable exemption from registration requirements; and
(3) Such notice contains no more
than the following additional information:
(i) The name of the issuer;
(ii) The title, amount and basic
terms of the securities offered, the amount of the offering, if any, made by
selling security holders, the time of the offering and a brief statement of the
manner and purpose of the offering without naming the underwriters;
(iii) In the case of a rights
offering to security holders of the issuer, the class of securities the holders
of which will be or were entitled to subscribe to the securities offered, the
subscription ratio, the record date, the date upon which the rights are
proposed to be or were issued, the term or expiration date of the rights and
the subscription price, or any of the foregoing;
(iv) In the case of an offering
of securities in exchange for other securities of the issuer or of another
issuer, the name of the issuer and the title of the securities to be surrendered
in exchange for the securities offered, the basis upon which the exchange may
be made, or any of the foregoing;
01,0000,(v)
In the case of an offering to employees of the issuer or to employees of any
affiliate of the issuer, the name of the employer and class or classes of
employees to whom the securities are offered, the offering price or basis of
the offering and the period during which the offering is to be or was made or
any of the foregoing; and
(vi) Any statement or legend required by State or foreign law or
administrative authority.
(b) Any notice contemplated by
this section may take the form of a news release or a written communication
directed to security holders or employees, as the case may be, or other
published statements.
(c) Notwithstanding the
provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, in the case of a rights
offering of a security listed or subject to unlisted trading privileges on a
national securities exchange or quoted on the NASDAQ inter-dealer quotation
system information with respect to the interest rate, conversion ratio and
subscription price may be disseminated through the facilities of the exchange,
the consolidated transaction reporting system, the NASDAQ system or the Dow
Jones broad tape, provided such information is already disclosed in a Form 8-K
( 249.308 of this chapter) on file with the Commission, in a Form 6-K ( 249.306
of this chapter) furnished to the Commission or, in the case of an issuer
relying on 240.12g3-2(b) of this
chapter, in a submission made pursuant to that Section to the Commission.
(d) The issuer shall file any
notice contemplated by this section with the Commission under cover of Form 8-K
( 249.308 of this chapter) or furnish such notice
under Form 6-K ( 249.306 of this chapter), as applicable, and, if relying
on 240.12g3-2(b) of this chapter, shall
furnish such notice to the Commission in accordance with the provisions of that
exemptive Section.
[59 FR 21649, April 26, 1994]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
[62 FR 53954, Oct. 17, 1997]
230.135e Offshore press conferences, meetings with issuer representatives conducted offshore, and press-related materials released offshore.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) For the purposes only of Section
5 of the Act [15 U.S.C. 77e], an issuer that is a foreign private issuer (as
defined in 230.405) or a foreign
government issuer, a selling security holder of the securities of such issuers,
or their representatives will not be deemed to offer any security for sale by
virtue of providing any journalist with access to its press conferences held
outside of the United States, to meetings with issuer or selling security
holder representatives conducted outside of the United States, or to written
press-related materials released outside the United States, at or in which a
present or proposed offering of securities is discussed, if:
(1) The present or proposed
offering is not being, or to be, conducted solely in the United States;
Note to Paragraph (a)(1): An offering will be considered not to be made solely in the United States under this paragraph (a)(1) only if there is an intent to make a bona fide offering offshore.
(2) Access is provided to both
U.S. and foreign journalists;
and
(3) Any written press-related
materials pertaining to transactions in which any of the securities will be or
are being offered in the United States satisfy the requirements of paragraph
(b) of this section.
(b) Any written press-related
materials specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this
section must:
(1) State that the written
press-related materials are not an offer of securities for sale in the United
States, that securities may not be offered or sold in the United States absent
registration or an exemption from registration, that any public offering of
securities to be made in the United States will be made by means of a
prospectus that may be obtained from the issuer or the selling security holder
and that will contain detailed information about the company and management, as
well as financial statements;
01,0000,(2) If the issuer or
selling security holder intends to register any part of the present or proposed
offering in the United States, include a statement regarding this
intention; and
(3) Not include any purchase
order, or coupon that could be returned indicating interest in the offering, as
part of, or attached to, the written press-related materials.
(c) For the purposes of this
section, "United States" means the United States of America, its
territories and possessions, any State of the United States, and the District
of Columbia.
[62 FR 53954, Oct. 17, 1997]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) An offer, offer to sell, or
offer for sale of securities shall be deemed to be made to the holders of
assessable stock of a corporation when such corporation shall give notice of an
assessment to the holders of such assessable stock. A sale shall be deemed to occur when a
stockholder shall pay or agree to pay all or any part of such an assessment.
(b) The term transactions by any
person other than an issuer, underwriter or dealer in section 4(1) of the Act
shall not be deemed to include the offering or sale of assessable stock, at
public auction or otherwise, upon the failure of the holder of such stock to
pay an assessment levied thereon by the issuer, where the offer or sale is made
for the purpose of realizing the amount of the assessment and any of the
proceeds of such sale are to be received by the issuer. However, any person whose functions are
limited to acting as auctioneer at such an auction sale shall not be deemed to
be an underwriter of the securities offered or sold at the auction sale. Any person who acquires assessable stock at
any such public auction or other sale with a view to the distribution thereof
shall be deemed to be an underwriter of such assessable stock.
(c) The term assessable stock
means stock which is subject to resale by the issuer pursuant to statute or otherwise
in the event of a failure of the holder of such stock to pay any assessment
levied thereon.
[24 FR 6386, Aug. 8, 1959]
230.137 Definition of "offers", "participates", or "participation" in section 2(11) in relating to certain publications by persons independent of participants in a distribution.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
The terms offers, participates,
or participation in section 2(11) of the Act shall not be deemed to apply to
the publication or distribution of information, opinions or recommendations
with respect to the securities of a registrant which is required to file
reports pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
and proposes to file, has filed or has an effective registration statement under
the Securities Act of 1933 if--
(a) Such information, opinions,
and recommendations are published and distributed in the regular course of its
business by a broker or dealer which is not and does not propose to be a
participant in the distribution of the security to which the registration
statement relates; and
(b) Such broker or dealer
receives no consideration, directly or indirectly, in connection with the
publication and distribution of such information, opinions or recommendations
from the registrant, a selling security holder or any participant in the
distribution or any other person interested in the securities to which the
registration statement relates, and such information, opinions or
recommendations are not published or distributed pursuant to any arrangement or
understanding, direct or indirect, with such registrant, underwriter, dealer,
or selling security holder; Provided,
however, That nothing herein shall forbid payment of the regular subscription
or purchase price of the document or other written communication in which such
information, opinions or recommendations appear.
[35 FR 18457, Dec. 4, 1970; 49 FR 37573, Sept. 25, 1984]
230.138 Definition of "offer for sale" and "offer to sell" in sections 2(10) and 5(c) in relation to certain publications.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) Where a registrant which
meets the requirements of paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2) or (c)(3) of this section
proposes to file, has filed or has an effective registration statement under
the Act relating solely to a nonconvertible debt security or to a
nonconvertible, nonparticipating preferred stock, publication or distribution
in the regular course of its business by a broker or dealer of information,
opinions or recommendations relating solely to common stock or to debt or
preferred stock convertible into common stock of such registrant shall not be
deemed to constitute an offer for sale or offer to sell the security to which
such registration statement relates for purposes of sections 2(10) and 5(c) of
the Act (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.) even though such broker or dealer is or will be
a participant in the distribution of the security to which such registration
statement relates.
(b) Where a registrant which
meets the requirements of paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2) or (c)(3) of this section
proposes to file, has filed or has an effective registration statement under
the Act relating solely to common stock or to debt or preferred stock
convertible into common stock, the publication or distribution in the regular
course of its business by a broker or dealer of information, opinions or
recommendations relating solely to a nonconvertible debt security, or to a
nonconvertible nonparticipating preferred stock shall not be deemed to
constitute an offer for sale or offer to sell the security to which such
registration statement relates for purposes of sections 2(10) and 5(c) of the
Act (15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.), even though such broker or dealer is or will be a
participant in the distribution of the security to which such registration
statement relates.
(c)(1) The registrant meets all
of the conditions for the use of Form S-2 [ 239.12 of
this chapter] or Form F-2 [ 239.32 of this chapter];
01,0000,(2)
The registrant meets the registrant requirements of Form S-3 [ 239.13 of this
chapter] or Form F-3 [ 239.33 of this chapter];
or
(3) The registrant is a foreign
private issuer which meets all the registrant requirements of Form F-3 [ 239.33 of this chapter], other than the reporting history
provisions of paragraph A.1. and A.2.(a) of General Instruction I of such form,
and meets the minimum float or investment grade securities provisions of either
paragraph B.1. or B.2. of General Instruction I. of
such form and the registrant's securities have been traded for a period of at
least 12 months on a designated offshore securities market, as defined in 230.902(a).
Instruction to Rule 138:
When a registration statement
relates to securities which are being registered for an offering to be made on
a continuous or delayed basis pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(x)
under the Act ( 230.415(a)(1)(x)) and the securities which are being registered
include classes of securities which are specified in both paragraphs (a) and
(b) of this section on either an allocated or unallocated basis, a broker or
dealer may nonetheless rely on:
1. Paragraph (a) of this section
when the offering in which such broker or dealer is or will be a participant
relates solely to classes of securities specified in paragraph (a) of this
section, and
2. Paragraph (b) of this section
when the offering in which such broker or dealer is or will be a participant
relates solely to classes of securities specified in paragraph (b) of this
section.
[47 FR 11433, Mar. 16, 1982, as amended at 47 FR 54769, Dec. 6, 1982; 49 FR 37573, Sept. 25, 1984; 60 FR 6965, Feb. 6, 1995]
230.139 Definition of "offer for sale" and "offer to sell" in sections 2(10) and 5(c) in relation to certain publications.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
Where a registrant which is required
to file reports pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) or which is a foreign private issuer meeting
the conditions of paragraph (a)(2) of this section proposes to file, has filed
or has an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 (15
U.S.C. 77a et seq.) relating to its securities, the publication or distribution
by a broker or dealer of information, an opinion or a recommendation with
respect to the registrant or any class of its securities shall not be deemed to
constitute an offer for sale or offer to sell the securities registered or
proposed to be registered for purposes of sections 2(10) and 5(c) of the Act
(15 U.S.C. 77a et seq.), even though such broker or dealer is or will be a
participant in the distribution of such securities, if the conditions of
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section have been met:
(a)(1) The registrant meets the
registrant requirements of Form S-3 ( 239.13 of this
chapter) or Form F-3 ( 239.33 of this chapter) and the minimum float or
investment grade securities provisions of either paragraph (B) (1) or (2) of
General Instruction I of the respective form and such information, opinion or
recommendation is contained in a publication which is distributed with
reasonable regularity in the normal course of business; or
(2) The registrant is a foreign
private issuer that meets all the registrant requirements of Form F-3 ( 239.33 of this chapter), other than the reporting history
provisions of paragraphs A.1. and A.2.(a) of General Instruction I of such
form, and meets the minimum float or investment grade securities provisions of
either paragraph B.1. or B.2. of General Instruction I
of such form, and the registrant's securities have been traded for a period of
at least 12 months on a designated offshore securities market, as defined
in 230.902(a), and such information,
opinion or recommendation is contained in a publication which is distributed
with reasonable regularity in the normal course of business.
01,0000,(b)(1)
Such information, opinion or recommendation is contained in a publication
which:
(i) Is distributed with
reasonable regularity in the normal course of business and
(ii) Includes similar
information, opinions or recommendations with respect to a substantial number
of companies in the registrant's industry, or sub-industry, or contains a
comprehensive list of securities currently recommended by such broker or
dealer.
(2) Such information, opinion or
recommendation is given no materially greater space or prominence in such
publication than that given to other securities or registrants; and
(3) An opinion or recommendation
as favorable or more favorable as to the registrant or any class of its
securities was published by the broker or dealer in the last publication of
such broker or dealer addressing the registrant or its securities prior to the
commencement of participation in the distribution.
Instructions to Rule 139:
1. For purposes of paragraph (a),
a research report has not been distributed with "reasonable
regularity" if it contains information, an opinion, or a recommendation
concerning a company with respect to which a broker or dealer currently is not
publishing research.
2. Where projections of a
registrant's sales or earnings are included, the publication must comply with
the following in order to meet paragraphs (b)(1) and
(b)(3).
A. The projections must have been
published previously on a regular basis in order for the publication to meet
paragraph (b)(1)(i);
B. The projections must be
included with respect to either a substantial number of companies in the
registrant's industry or sub-industry or all companies in a comprehensive list
which is contained in the publication, and must cover the same periods with
respect to such companies as with respect to the registrant, in order to meet
the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(ii); and
C. Because projections constitute
opinions within the meaning of the Rule, they must come within paragraph (b)(3).
[35 FR 18457, Dec. 4, 1970; 49 FR 37573, Sept. 25, 1984; 59 FR 21650, April 26, 1994; 60 FR 6966, Feb. 6, 1995]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
A person, the chief part of whose
business consists of the purchase of the securities of one issuer, or of two or
more affiliated issuers, and the sale of its own securities, including the
levying of assessments on its assessable stock and the resale of such stock
upon the failure of the holder thereof to pay any assessment levied thereon, to
furnish the proceeds with which to acquire the securities of such issuer or
affiliated issuers, is to be regarded as engaged in the distribution of the
securities of such issuer or affiliated issuers within the meaning of section
2(11) of the Act.
[24 FR 6386, Aug. 8, 1959]
230.141 Definition of "commission from an underwriter or dealer not in excess of the usual and customary distributors' or sellers' commissions" in section 2(11), for certain transactions.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) The term
"commission" in section 2(11) of the act shall include such
remuneration, commonly known as a spread, as may be received by a distributor
or dealer as a consequence of reselling securities bought from an underwriter
or dealer at a price below the offering price of such securities, where such
resales afford the distributor or dealer a margin of profit not in excess of
what is usual and customary in such transactions.
(b) The term "commission
from an underwriter or dealer" in section 2(11) of the act shall include
commissions paid by an underwriter or dealer directly or indirectly controlling
or controlled by, or under direct or indirect common control with the issuer.
(c) The term "usual and
customary distributors' or sellers' commission" in section 2(11) of the
act shall mean a commission or remuneration, commonly known as a spread, paid
to or received by any person selling securities either for his own account or
for the account of others, which is not in excess of the amount usual and
customary in the distribution and sale of issues of similar type and size; and not in excess of the amount allowed to
other persons, if any, for comparable service in the distribution of the
particular issue; but such term shall
not include amounts paid to any person whose function is the management of the
distribution of all or a substantial part of the particular issue, or who
performs the functions normally performed by an underwriter or underwriting
syndicate.
[2 FR 1075, May 26, 1937]
230.142 Definition of "participates" and "participation," as used in section 2(11), in relation to certain transactions.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
(a) The terms
"participates" and "participation" in section 2(11)(48
Stat. 74, 48 Stat. 905; 15 U.S.C. 77b)
shall not include the interest of a person (1) who is not in privity of
contract with the issuer nor directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by,
or under common control with, the issuer, and (2) who has no association with
any principal underwriter of the securities being distributed, and (3) whose
function in the distribution is confined to an undertaking to purchase all or
some specified proportion of the securities remaining unsold after the lapse of
some specified period of time, and (4) who purchases such securities for
investment and not with a view to distribution.
(b) As used in this section:
(1) The term "issuer"
shall have the meaning defined in section 2(4)(48
Stat. 74, 48 Stat. 905; 15 U.S.C. 77b)
and in the last sentence of section 2(11).
(2) The term
"association" shall include a relationship between two persons under
which one:
(i) Is directly or indirectly
controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, the other, or
(ii) Has, in common with the
other, one or more partners, officers, directors, trustees, branch managers, or
other persons occupying a similar status or performing similar functions, or
(iii) Has a participation, direct
or indirect, in the profits of the other, or has a financial stake, by
debtor-creditor relationship, stock ownership, contract or otherwise, in the
income or business of the other.
(3) The term "principal
underwriter" shall have the meaning defined in 230.405.
[3 FR 3015, Dec. 16, 1938]
CROSS REFERENCE: For interpretative release applicable to 230.142, see No. 1862 in tabulation, Part 231, of this chapter.
230.143 Definition of "has purchased", "sells for", "participates", and "participation", as used in section 2(11), in relation to certain transactions of foreign governments for war purposes.
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
The terms "has
purchased", "sells for", "participates", and
"participation", in section 2(11)(48 Stat. 74, 48 Stat. 905; 15 U.S.C. 77b), shall not be deemed to apply
to any action of a foreign government in acquiring, for war purposes and by or
in anticipation of the exercise of war powers, from any person subject to its
jurisdiction securities of a person organized under the laws of the United
States or any State or Territory, or in disposing of such securities with a
view to their distribution by underwriters in the United States,
notwithstanding the fact that the price to be paid to such foreign government
upon the disposition of such securities by it may be measured by or may be in
direct or indirect relation to such price as may be realized by the
underwriters.
[6 FR 2052, Apr. 23, 1941]
Current through April 1, 2004; 69 FR 17282
Preliminary Note:
Rule 144 is designed to implement the fundamental purposes of the Act, as expressed in its preamble, "To provide full and fair disclosure of the character of the securities sold in interstate commerce and through the mails, and to prevent fraud in the sale thereof * * *" The rule is designed to prohibit the creation of public markets in securities of issuers concerning which adequate current information is not available to the public. At the same time, where adequate current information concerning the issuer is available to the public, the rule permits the public sale in ordinary trading transactions of limited amounts of securities owned by persons controlling, controlled by or under common control with the issuer and by persons who have acquired restricted securities of the issuer.
Certain basic principles are essential to an understanding of the requirement of registration in the Act:
1. If any person utilizes the jurisdictional means to sell any nonexempt security to any other person, the security must be registered unless a statutory exemption can be found for the transaction.
2. In addition to the exemptions found in Section 3, four exemptions applicable to transactions in securities are contained in section 4. Three of these section 4 exemptions are clearly not available to anyone acting as an "underwriter" of securities. (The fourth, found in section 4(4), is available only to those who act as brokers under certain limited circumstances.) An understanding of the term "underwriter" is therefore important to anyone who wishes to determine whether or not an exemption from registration is available for his sale of securities.
The term underwriter is broadly defined in section 2(11) of the Act to mean any person who has purchased from an issuer with a view to, or offers or sells for an issuer in connection with, the distribution of any security, or participates, or has a direct or indirect participation in any such undertaking, or participates or has a participation in the direct or indirect underwriting of any such undertaking. The interpretation of this definition has traditionally focused on the words "with a view to" in the phrase "purchased from an issuer with a view to * * * distribution." Thus, an investment banking firm which arranges with an issuer for the public sale of its securities is clearly an "underwriter" under that section. Individual investors who are not professionals in the securities business may also be "underwriters" within the meaning of that term as used in the Act if they act as links in a chain of transactions through which securities move from an issuer to the public. Since it is difficult to ascertain the mental state of the purchaser at the time of his acquisition, subsequent acts and circumstances have been considered to determine whether such person took with a view to distribution at the time of his acquisition. Emphasis has been placed on factors such as the length of time the person has held the securities and whether there has been an unforeseeable change in circumstances of the holder. Experience has shown, however, that reliance upon such factors as the above has not assured adequate protection of investors through the maintenance of informed trading markets and has led to uncertainty in the application of the registration provisions of the Act.
01,0000,It should be noted that th